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线程池线程数量线程池引入一个线程完成一项任务所需时间为创建线程时间线程中执行任务的时间销毁线程时间为什么需要线程池线程池技术正是关注如何缩短或调整和的时间从而提高程序的性能项目中可以把分别安排在项目的启动和结束的时间段或者一些空闲的时间段线程池不仅调整产生的时间段而且它还显著减少了创建线程的数目提高线程的复用率系统启动一个新线程的成本是比较高的因为涉及与操作系统的交互在这种情形下使用线程池可以很好地提高性能尤其是当程序中需要创建大量生存期很短暂的线程时优先考虑使用线程池提供的线程池线程池的接口创建各种线程池的工具类创建单个线程的线程池创建指定线程的线程池创建可缓存线程的线程池自动回收闲置线程提交任务为任务编号方便理解关闭线程池深入源码三种线程池底层都是类的对象分析类的构造方法源码核心线程数量最大线程数量闲置时间作用于核心线程数与最大线程数之间的线程的时间单位可以是毫秒秒任务队列线程工厂达到了线程界限和队列容量时的处理方案拒绝策略执行步骤创建线程池后任务提交后查看是否有核心线程没有就创建核心线程执行任务执行完毕后又回到线程池中有查看是否有闲置核心线程有执行任务执行完毕后又回到线程池没有查看当前核心线程数是否核心线程数量否就创建核心线程执行任务执行完毕后又回到线程池中是查看任务列表是否装载满没有就放入列表中等待出现闲置线程装满查看是否有普通线程核心线程数到最大线程数量之间的线程没有就创建普通线程执行任务执行完毕后又回到线程池中有查看是否有闲置普通线程有执行任务执行完毕后又回到线程池中没有查看现在所有线程数量是否为最大线程数是执行处理方案默认处理抛出异常否就创建普通线程执行任务执行完毕后又回到线程池中注为了更好的理解在这里区分核心线程和普通线程实际上区分的这么清楚都是线程默认的处理方案就是抛出总结核心线程满载任务队列普通线程分析单个线程的线程池的源码核心线程数量最大线程数量闲置时间时间单位毫秒无界任务队列可以无限添加任务分析指定线程的线程池的源码核心线程数量最大线程数量闲置时间时间单位毫秒无界任务队列可以无限添加任务创建可缓存线程的线程池核心线程数量最大线程数量闲置时间时间单位秒直接提交队列同步队列没有容量队列任务队列详解队列名称详解无界任务队列使用无界任务队列线程池的任务队列可以无限制的添加新的任务而线程池创建的最大线程数量就是你设置的数量也就是说在这种情况下这个参数是无效的哪怕你的任务队列中缓存了很多未执行的任务当线程池的线程数达到后就不会再增加了若后续有新的任务加入则直接进入队列等待当使用这种任务队列模式时一定要注意你任务提交与处理之间的协调与控制不然会出现队列中的任务由于无法及时处理导致一直增长直到最后资源耗尽的问题同步任务队列直接提交任务队列使用直接提交任务队列队列没有容量每执行一个插入操作就会阻塞需要再执行一个删除操作才会被唤醒反之每一个删除操作也都要等待对应的插入操作任务队列为创建的线程数大于时直接执行了拒绝策略抛出异常使用队列提交的任务不会被保存总是会马上提交执行如果用于执行任务的线程数量小于则尝试创建新的线程如果达到设置的最大值则根据你设置的执行拒绝策略因此这种方式你提交的任务不会被缓存起来而是会被马上执行在这种情况下你需要对你程序的并发量有个准确的评估才能设置合适的数量否则很容易就会执行拒绝策略有界任务队列使用有界任务队列若有新的任务需要执行时线程池会创建新的线程直到创建的线程数量达到时则会将新的任务加入到等待队列中若等待队列已满即超过初始化的容量则继续创建线程直到线程数量达到设置的最大线程数量若大于则执行拒绝策略在这种情况下线程数量的上限与有界任务队列的状态有直接关系如果有界队列初始容量较大或者没有达到超负荷的状态线程数将一直维持在以下反之当任务队列已满时则会以为最大线程数上限优先任务队列使用优先任务队列它其实是一个特殊的无界队列它其中无论添加了多少个任务线程池创建的线程数也不会超过的数量只不过其他队列一般是按照先进先出的规则处理任务而队列可以自定义规则根据任务的优先级顺序先后执行对优先队列的使用说明当前对象和其他对象做比较当前优先级大就返回优先级小就返回值越小优先级越高总结除了第一个任务直接创建线程执行外其他的任务都被放入了优先任务队列按优先级进行了重新排列执行且线程池的线程数一直为也就是只有一个拒绝策略自带的拒绝策略有四种都实现了接口比如拒绝策略解释当有任务添加到线程池被拒绝时会抛出异常线程池默认的拒绝策略必须处理好抛出的异常否则会打断当前的执行流程影响后续的任务执行当有任务添加到线程池被拒绝时直接丢弃其他啥都没有当有任务添加到线程池被拒绝时线程池会将被拒绝的任务添加到线程池正在运行的线程中去运行一般并发比较小性能要求不高不允许失败但是由于调用者自己运行任务如果任务提交速度过快可能导致程序阻塞性能效率上必然的损失较大当有任务添加到线程池被拒绝时线程池会丢弃阻塞队列中末尾的任务最老的任务然后将被拒绝的任务添加到末尾如果项目中有允许丢失任务的需求可以使用自定义拒绝策略执行了拒绝策略自定义线程池原因在阿里巴巴开发手册中指出了线程资源必须通过线程池提供不允许在应用中自行显示的创建线程这样一方面使线程的创建更加规范可以合理控制开辟线程的数量另一方面线程的细节管理交给线程池处理优化了资源的开销而线程池不允许使用去创建而要通过方式这一方面是由于中框架虽然提供了如等创建线程池的方法但都有其局限性不够灵活而且有资源耗尽的风险一般我们创建线程池时为防止资源被耗尽任务队列都会选择创建有界任务队列但这种模式下如果出现任务队列已满且线程池创建的线程数达到你设置的最大线程数时这时就需要你指定的参数即合理的拒绝策略来处理线程池超载的情况自定义线程池前提学习线程池中如何创建线程线程池中线程就是通过中的线程工厂创建的那么通过自定义可以按需要对线程池中创建的线程进行一些特殊的设置如命名优先级等线程执行了拒绝策略扩展扩展主要是围绕和三个方法的重写通过这三个方法我们可以监控每个任务的开始和结束时间或者其他一些功能下面我们可以通过代码实现一下方法解释线程池中任务运行前执行线程池中任务运行完毕后执行线程池退出后执行线程准备执行执行完毕线程池退出执行中线程池线程数量实际工作中使用多线程性能测试工具",isPost:!0,isHome:!1,isHighlightShrink:!1,isToc:!0,postUpdate:"2023-06-26 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class="post-meta-original">原创</a><span class="post-meta-categories"><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-inbox post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/categories/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2/" itemprop="url">教育</a></span><span class="article-meta tags"><a class="article-meta__tags" href="/tags/Java/" tabindex="-1" itemprop="url"> <span><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-hashtag"></i>Java</span></a><a class="article-meta__tags" href="/tags/%E5%8D%83%E9%94%8B%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2/" tabindex="-1" itemprop="url"> <span><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-hashtag"></i>千锋教育</span></a><a class="article-meta__tags" href="/tags/%E5%9F%B9%E8%AE%AD/" tabindex="-1" itemprop="url"> <span><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-hashtag"></i>培训</span></a></span></div></div><h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">线程池</h1><div id="post-meta"><div class="meta-firstline"><span class="post-meta-date"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-calendar-days 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title="阅读时长">阅读时长:</span><span>12分钟</span></span><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><span data-flag-title="线程池"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-fw-eye post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label" title="阅读量">阅读量:</span><span class="waline-pageview-count" data-path="/posts/de7c53fe/" title="访问量"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-spinner anzhiyu-spin"></i></span></span><span class="post-meta-separator"> </span><span class="post-meta-position" title="作者IP属地为成都"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-location-dot"></i>成都</span><span class="post-meta-separator"></span><span class="post-meta-commentcount"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-comments post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">评论数:</span><a href="/posts/de7c53fe/#post-comment"><span class="waline-comment-count" data-path="/posts/de7c53fe/"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-spinner anzhiyu-spin"></i></span></a></span></div></div></div><article class="post-content" id="article-container" itemscope itemtype="https://insectmk.top/posts/de7c53fe/"><header><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/categories/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2/" itemprop="url">教育</a><a href="/tags/Java/" tabindex="-1" itemprop="url">Java</a><a href="/tags/%E5%8D%83%E9%94%8B%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2/" tabindex="-1" itemprop="url">千锋教育</a><a href="/tags/%E5%9F%B9%E8%AE%AD/" tabindex="-1" itemprop="url">培训</a><h1 id="CrawlerTitle" itemprop="name headline">线程池</h1><span itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">InsectMk</span><time itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2023-06-26T12:24:46.000Z" title="发表于 2023-06-26 20:24:46">2023-06-26</time><time itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2023-06-26T12:24:46.000Z" title="更新于 2023-06-26 20:24:46">2023-06-26</time></header><h1 id="线程池"><a href="#线程池" class="headerlink" title="线程池"></a>线程池</h1><h3 id="引入"><a href="#引入" class="headerlink" title="引入"></a>引入</h3><p>一个线程完成一项任务所需时间为：</p><ol><li>创建线程时间 - Time1</li><li>线程中执行任务的时间 - Time2</li><li>销毁线程时间 - Time3</li></ol><h3 id="为什么需要线程池"><a href="#为什么需要线程池" class="headerlink" title="为什么需要线程池"></a>为什么需要线程池</h3><ol><li>线程池技术正是关注如何缩短或调整Time1和Time3的时间，从而提高程序的性能。项目中可以把Time1，T3分别安排在项目的启动和结束的时间段或者一些空闲的时间段</li><li>线程池不仅调整Time1，Time3产生的时间段，而且它还显著减少了创建线程的数目，提高线程的复用率</li><li>系统启动一个新线程的成本是比较高的，因为涉及与操作系统的交互，在这种情形下，使用线程池可以很好地提高性能，尤其是当程序中需要创建大量生存期很短暂的线程时，优先考虑使用线程池</li></ol><h3 id="Java提供的线程池"><a href="#Java提供的线程池" class="headerlink" title="Java提供的线程池"></a>Java提供的线程池</h3><blockquote><p>ExecutorService：线程池的接口</p><p>Executors：创建各种线程池的工具类</p></blockquote><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Test</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(String[] args)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">//创建单个线程的线程池</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">//ExecutorService pool = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">//创建指定线程的线程池</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">//ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">//创建可缓存线程的线程池，自动回收60s闲置线程</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="type">ExecutorService</span> <span class="variable">pool</span> <span class="operator">=</span> Executors.newCachedThreadPool();</span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="type">int</span> <span class="variable">i</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="number">1</span>; i &lt;= <span class="number">100</span>; i++) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			pool.execute(<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Task</span>(i));<span class="comment">//提交任务，i为任务编号（方便理解）</span></span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		pool.shutdown();<span class="comment">//关闭线程池</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Task</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title class_">Runnable</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="type">int</span> i;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="title function_">Task</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> i)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">this</span>.i = i;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">run</span><span class="params">()</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + <span class="string">&quot;--&gt;&quot;</span> + i);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			Thread.sleep(<span class="number">1000</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		&#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (InterruptedException e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			e.printStackTrace();</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="深入源码"><a href="#深入源码" class="headerlink" title="深入源码"></a>深入源码</h3><blockquote><p>ExecutorService pool &#x3D; Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();</p><p>ExecutorService pool &#x3D; Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);</p><p>ExecutorService pool &#x3D; Executors.newCachedThreadPool();</p><p>三种线程池底层都是ThreadPoolExecutor类的对象</p></blockquote><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">-- 分析ThreadPoolExecutor类的构造方法源码--------------------------------</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="title function_">ThreadPoolExecutor</span><span class="params">(</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">	<span class="type">int</span> corePoolSize,		------------- 核心线程数量 </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">    <span class="type">int</span> maximumPoolSize,	------------- 最大线程数量 </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">	<span class="type">long</span> keepAliveTime,		------------- 闲置时间，作用于核心线程数与最大线程数之间的线程</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">	TimeUnit unit,			------------- keepAliveTime的时间单位(可以是毫秒、秒....)</span></span><br><span class="line">	BlockingQueue&lt;Runnable&gt; workQueue, -- 任务队列</span><br><span class="line">	ThreadFactory threadFactory, -------- 线程工厂</span><br><span class="line">	RejectedExecutionHandler handler ---- 达到了线程界限和队列容量时的处理方案(拒绝策略)</span><br><span class="line">) &#123;&#125;</span><br><span class="line">执行步骤:</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="number">1.</span>创建线程池后</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">2.</span>任务提交后，查看是否有核心线程：</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="number">3.1</span> 没有 -&gt; 就创建核心线程 -&gt; 执行任务 -&gt; 执行完毕后又回到线程池中</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="number">3.2</span> 有 -&gt; 查看是否有闲置核心线程：</span><br><span class="line">        	<span class="number">4.1</span> 有 -&gt; 执行任务 -&gt; 执行完毕后又回到线程池</span><br><span class="line">        	<span class="number">4.2</span> 没有 -&gt; 查看当前核心线程数是否核心线程数量：</span><br><span class="line">        		<span class="number">5.1</span> 否 -&gt; 就创建核心线程 -&gt; 执行任务 -&gt; 执行完毕后又回到线程池中</span><br><span class="line">        		<span class="number">5.2</span> 是 -&gt; 查看任务列表是否装载满：</span><br><span class="line">        			<span class="number">6.1</span> 没有 -&gt; 就放入列表中，等待出现闲置线程</span><br><span class="line">        			<span class="number">6.2</span> 装满 -&gt; 查看是否有普通线程(核心线程数到最大线程数量之间的线程)</span><br><span class="line">        				<span class="number">7.1</span> 没有 -&gt; 就创建普通线程 -&gt; 执行任务 -&gt; 执行完毕后又回到线程池中</span><br><span class="line">        				<span class="number">7.2</span> 有 -&gt; 查看是否有闲置普通线程</span><br><span class="line">        					<span class="number">7.1</span><span class="number">.1</span> 有 -&gt; 执行任务 -&gt; 执行完毕后又回到线程池中</span><br><span class="line">        					<span class="number">7.1</span><span class="number">.2</span> 没有 -&gt; 查看现在所有线程数量是否为最大线程数：</span><br><span class="line">        						<span class="number">8.1</span> 是 -&gt; 执行处理方案（默认处理抛出异常）</span><br><span class="line">        						<span class="number">8.2</span> 否 -&gt;就创建普通线程-&gt; 执行任务 -&gt; 执行完毕后又回到线程池中     			</span><br><span class="line">注：</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="number">1.</span>为了更好的理解，在这里区分核心线程和普通线程，实际上区分的这么清楚，都是线程</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">2.</span>默认的处理方案就是抛出RejectedExecutionException</span><br><span class="line">总结：核心线程满载 -&gt; 任务队列 -&gt; 普通线程</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">-- 分析单个线程的线程池的源码 --------------------------------</span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">ExecutorService</span> <span class="variable">pool</span> <span class="operator">=</span> Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ThreadPoolExecutor</span>(</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">1</span>, -- 核心线程数量 </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">1</span>, -- 最大线程数量 </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">0L</span>, -- 闲置时间</span><br><span class="line">    TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, -- 时间单位(毫秒)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">LinkedBlockingQueue</span>&lt;Runnable&gt;() -- 无界任务队列，可以无限添加任务</span><br><span class="line">)  </span><br><span class="line">-- 分析指定线程的线程池的源码 --------------------------------</span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">ExecutorService</span> <span class="variable">pool</span> <span class="operator">=</span> Executors.newFixedThreadPool(<span class="number">3</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ThreadPoolExecutor</span>(</span><br><span class="line">    nThreads, -- 核心线程数量 </span><br><span class="line">    nThreads, -- 最大线程数量 </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">0L</span>, -- 闲置时间</span><br><span class="line">    TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, -- 时间单位(毫秒)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">LinkedBlockingQueue</span>&lt;Runnable&gt;()-- 无界任务队列，可以无限添加任务</span><br><span class="line">)</span><br><span class="line">-- 创建可缓存线程的线程池 -----------------------------------</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ThreadPoolExecutor</span>(</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">0</span>, -- 核心线程数量 </span><br><span class="line">    Integer.MAX_VALUE,-- 最大线程数量 </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">60L</span>, -- 闲置时间</span><br><span class="line">    TimeUnit.SECONDS, -- 时间单位(秒)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">SynchronousQueue</span>&lt;Runnable&gt;() -- 直接提交队列(同步队列)：没有容量队列</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="任务队列详解"><a href="#任务队列详解" class="headerlink" title="任务队列详解"></a>任务队列详解</h3><table><thead><tr><th>队列名称</th><th>详解</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>LinkedBlockingQueue无界任务队列</td><td>使用无界任务队列，线程池的任务队列可以无限制的添加新的任务，而线程池创建的最大线程数量就是你corePoolSize设置的数量，也就是说在这种情况下maximumPoolSize这个参数是无效的，哪怕你的任务队列中缓存了很多未执行的任务，当线程池的线程数达到corePoolSize后，就不会再增加了；若后续有新的任务加入，则直接进入队列等待，当使用这种任务队列模式时，一定要注意你任务提交与处理之间的协调与控制，不然会出现队列中的任务由于无法及时处理导致一直增长，直到最后资源耗尽的问题</td></tr><tr><td>SynchronousQueue 同步任务队列 直接提交任务队列</td><td>使用直接提交任务队列，队列没有容量，每执行一个插入操作就会阻塞，需要再执行一个删除操作才会被唤醒，反之每一个删除操作也都要等待对应的插入操作。 任务队列为SynchronousQueue，创建的线程数大于maximumPoolSize时，直接执行了拒绝策略抛出异常。 使用SynchronousQueue队列，提交的任务不会被保存，总是会马上提交执行。如果用于执行任务的线程数量小于maximumPoolSize，则尝试创建新的线程，如果达到maximumPoolSize设置的最大值，则根据你设置的handler执行拒绝策略。因此这种方式你提交的任务不会被缓存起来，而是会被马上执行，在这种情况下，你需要对你程序的并发量有个准确的评估，才能设置合适的maximumPoolSize数量，否则很容易就会执行拒绝策略；</td></tr><tr><td>ArrayBlockingQueue有界任务队列</td><td>使用有界任务队列，若有新的任务需要执行时，线程池会创建新的线程，直到创建的线程数量达到corePoolSize时，则会将新的任务加入到等待队列中。若等待队列已满，即超过ArrayBlockingQueue初始化的容量，则继续创建线程，直到线程数量达到maximumPoolSize设置的最大线程数量，若大于maximumPoolSize，则执行拒绝策略。在这种情况下，线程数量的上限与有界任务队列的状态有直接关系，如果有界队列初始容量较大或者没有达到超负荷的状态，线程数将一直维持在corePoolSize以下，反之当任务队列已满时，则会以maximumPoolSize为最大线程数上限。</td></tr><tr><td>PriorityBlockingQueue优先任务队列</td><td>使用优先任务队列，它其实是一个特殊的无界队列，它其中无论添加了多少个任务，线程池创建的线程数也不会超过corePoolSize的数量，只不过其他队列一般是按照先进先出的规则处理任务，而PriorityBlockingQueue队列可以自定义规则根据任务的优先级顺序先后执行。</td></tr></tbody></table><p>对优先队列的使用说明：</p><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Test</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(String[] args)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="type">ThreadPoolExecutor</span> <span class="variable">pool</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ThreadPoolExecutor</span>(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">1000</span>, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">PriorityBlockingQueue</span>&lt;&gt;(), Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ThreadPoolExecutor</span>.AbortPolicy());</span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="type">int</span> <span class="variable">i</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="number">1</span>; i &lt;= <span class="number">10</span>; i++) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			pool.execute(<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Task</span>(i));</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">		pool.shutdown();</span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Task</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title class_">Runnable</span>,Comparable&lt;Task&gt;&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="type">int</span> priority;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="title function_">Task</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> priority)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">this</span>.priority = priority;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">run</span><span class="params">()</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			Thread.sleep(<span class="number">1000</span>);</span><br><span class="line">			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + <span class="string">&quot; priority：&quot;</span> + <span class="built_in">this</span>.priority);</span><br><span class="line">		&#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (InterruptedException e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			e.printStackTrace();</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">//当前对象和其他对象做比较，当前优先级大就返回-1，优先级小就返回1,值越小优先级越高</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">compareTo</span><span class="params">(Task o)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> (<span class="built_in">this</span>.priority&gt;o.priority)?-<span class="number">1</span>:<span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">总结：除了第一个任务直接创建线程执行外，其他的任务都被放入了优先任务队列，按优先级进行了重新排列执行，且线程池的线程数一直为corePoolSize，也就是只有一个。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="拒绝策略"><a href="#拒绝策略" class="headerlink" title="拒绝策略"></a>拒绝策略</h3><blockquote><p>ThreadPoolExecutor自带的拒绝策略有四种，都实现了RejectedExecutionHandler接口</p><p>比如：new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy()</p></blockquote><table><thead><tr><th>拒绝策略</th><th>解释</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>AbortPolicy</td><td>当有任务添加到线程池被拒绝时，会抛出RejectedExecutionException异常 线程池默认的拒绝策略。必须处理好抛出的异常，否则会打断当前的执行流程，影响后续的任务执行。</td></tr><tr><td>DiscardPolicy</td><td>当有任务添加到线程池被拒绝时，直接丢弃，其他啥都没有</td></tr><tr><td>CallerRunsPolicy</td><td>当有任务添加到线程池被拒绝时，线程池会将被拒绝的任务添加到线程池正在运行的线程中去运行。 一般并发比较小，性能要求不高，不允许失败。但是，由于调用者自己运行任务，如果任务提交速度过快，可能导致程序阻塞，性能效率上必然的损失较大</td></tr><tr><td>DiscardOledestPolicy</td><td>当有任务添加到线程池被拒绝时，线程池会丢弃阻塞队列中末尾的任务（最老的任务），然后将被拒绝的任务添加到末尾。 如果项目中有允许丢失任务的需求，可以使用</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 id="自定义拒绝策略"><a href="#自定义拒绝策略" class="headerlink" title="自定义拒绝策略"></a>自定义拒绝策略</h3><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Test</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(String[] args)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="type">ThreadPoolExecutor</span> <span class="variable">pool</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ThreadPoolExecutor</span>(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">1000</span>, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ArrayBlockingQueue</span>&lt;&gt;(<span class="number">1</span>), Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">RejectedExecutionHandler</span>() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">rejectedExecution</span><span class="params">(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">				System.out.println(r.toString()+<span class="string">&quot;执行了拒绝策略&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">			&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;);</span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="type">int</span> <span class="variable">i</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="number">1</span>; i &lt;= <span class="number">10</span>; i++) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			pool.execute(<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Task</span>());</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">		pool.shutdown();</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Task</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title class_">Runnable</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">run</span><span class="params">()</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			Thread.sleep(<span class="number">1000</span>);</span><br><span class="line">			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());</span><br><span class="line">		&#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (InterruptedException e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			e.printStackTrace();</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="自定义线程池原因"><a href="#自定义线程池原因" class="headerlink" title="自定义线程池原因"></a>自定义线程池原因</h3><blockquote><p>在《阿里巴巴java开发手册》中指出了线程资源必须通过线程池提供，不允许在应用中自行显示的创建线程，这样一方面使线程的创建更加规范，可以合理控制开辟线程的数量；另一方面线程的细节管理交给线程池处理，优化了资源的开销。而线程池不允许使用Executors去创建，而要通过ThreadPoolExecutor方式，这一方面是由于jdk中Executor框架虽然提供了如newFixedThreadPool()、newSingleThreadExecutor()、newCachedThreadPool()等创建线程池的方法，但都有其局限性，不够灵活，而且有资源耗尽的风险（OOM - Out Of Memory ）。</p><p>一般我们创建线程池时，为防止资源被耗尽，任务队列都会选择创建有界任务队列，但这种模式下如果出现任务队列已满且线程池创建的线程数达到你设置的最大线程数时，这时就需要你指定ThreadPoolExecutor的RejectedExecutionHandler参数即合理的拒绝策略，来处理线程池”超载”的情况</p></blockquote><h3 id="自定义线程池"><a href="#自定义线程池" class="headerlink" title="自定义线程池"></a>自定义线程池</h3><blockquote><p>前提学习线程池中如何创建线程：</p><p>线程池中线程就是通过ThreadPoolExecutor中的ThreadFactory，线程工厂创建的。那么通过自定义ThreadFactory，可以按需要对线程池中创建的线程进行一些特殊的设置，如命名、优先级等</p></blockquote><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Test</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(String[] args)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="type">ThreadPoolExecutor</span> <span class="variable">pool</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ThreadPoolExecutor</span>(</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">1000</span>, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ArrayBlockingQueue</span>&lt;&gt;(<span class="number">1</span>), </span><br><span class="line">				<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ThreadFactory</span>() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">					<span class="type">int</span> <span class="variable">threadNum</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">					<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">					<span class="keyword">public</span> Thread <span class="title function_">newThread</span><span class="params">(Runnable r)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">						<span class="type">Thread</span> <span class="variable">t</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Thread</span>(r,<span class="string">&quot;线程&quot;</span>+threadNum++);</span><br><span class="line">						<span class="keyword">return</span> t;</span><br><span class="line">					&#125;</span><br><span class="line">				&#125;, <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">RejectedExecutionHandler</span>() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">					<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">					<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">rejectedExecution</span><span class="params">(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">						System.out.println(r.toString()+<span class="string">&quot;执行了拒绝策略&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">					&#125;</span><br><span class="line">			&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="type">int</span> <span class="variable">i</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="number">1</span>; i &lt;= <span class="number">10</span>; i++) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			pool.execute(<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Task</span>());</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		pool.shutdown();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Task</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title class_">Runnable</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">run</span><span class="params">()</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			Thread.sleep(<span class="number">1000</span>);</span><br><span class="line">			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());</span><br><span class="line">		&#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (InterruptedException e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			e.printStackTrace();</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="ThreadPoolExecutor扩展"><a href="#ThreadPoolExecutor扩展" class="headerlink" title="ThreadPoolExecutor扩展"></a><strong>ThreadPoolExecutor扩展</strong></h3><blockquote><p>ThreadPoolExecutor扩展主要是围绕beforeExecute()、afterExecute()和terminated()三个方法的重写， 通过这三个方法我们可以监控每个任务的开始和结束时间，或者其他一些功能。下面我们可以通过代码实现一下</p></blockquote><table><thead><tr><th>方法</th><th>解释</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>beforeExecute</td><td>线程池中任务运行前执行</td></tr><tr><td>afterExecute</td><td>线程池中任务运行完毕后执行</td></tr><tr><td>terminated</td><td>线程池退出后执行</td></tr></tbody></table><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">ThreadPoolExecutor</span> <span class="variable">pool</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ThreadPoolExecutor</span>(</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">1000</span>, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ArrayBlockingQueue</span>&lt;&gt;(<span class="number">10</span>), </span><br><span class="line">				<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ThreadFactory</span>() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">					<span class="type">int</span> <span class="variable">threadNum</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">					<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">					<span class="keyword">public</span> Thread <span class="title function_">newThread</span><span class="params">(Runnable r)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">						<span class="type">Thread</span> <span class="variable">t</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Thread</span>(r,<span class="string">&quot;线程&quot;</span>+threadNum++);</span><br><span class="line">						<span class="keyword">return</span> t;</span><br><span class="line">					&#125;</span><br><span class="line">				&#125;, <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ThreadPoolExecutor</span>.AbortPolicy()</span><br><span class="line">			)&#123;</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">				<span class="keyword">protected</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">beforeExecute</span><span class="params">(Thread t,Runnable r)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">	                System.out.println(<span class="string">&quot;准备执行：&quot;</span>+ Thread.currentThread().getName());</span><br><span class="line">	            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">	            <span class="keyword">protected</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">afterExecute</span><span class="params">(Runnable r,Throwable t)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">	                System.out.println(<span class="string">&quot;执行完毕：&quot;</span>+ Thread.currentThread().getName());</span><br><span class="line">	            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">	            <span class="keyword">protected</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">terminated</span><span class="params">()</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">	                System.out.println(<span class="string">&quot;线程池退出&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="type">int</span> <span class="variable">i</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="number">1</span>; i &lt;= <span class="number">10</span>; i++) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			pool.execute(<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Task</span>());</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		pool.shutdown();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Task</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title class_">Runnable</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">run</span><span class="params">()</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			Thread.sleep(<span class="number">1000</span>);</span><br><span class="line">			System.out.println(<span class="string">&quot;执行中：&quot;</span> + Thread.currentThread().getName());</span><br><span class="line">		&#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (InterruptedException e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">			e.printStackTrace();</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="线程池线程数量"><a href="#线程池线程数量" class="headerlink" title="线程池线程数量"></a><strong>线程池线程数量</strong></h3><blockquote><p>实际工作中使用 sysbench多线程性能测试工具</p></blockquote></article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="copyright-cc-box"><i class="anzhiyufont anzhiyu-icon-copyright"></i></div><div class="post-copyright__author_box"><a class="post-copyright__author_img" target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://insectmk.cn" title="头像"><img 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href="#%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E6%B1%A0"><span class="toc-number">1.0.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">为什么需要线程池</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Java%E6%8F%90%E4%BE%9B%E7%9A%84%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E6%B1%A0"><span class="toc-number">1.0.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">Java提供的线程池</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%B7%B1%E5%85%A5%E6%BA%90%E7%A0%81"><span class="toc-number">1.0.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">深入源码</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BB%BB%E5%8A%A1%E9%98%9F%E5%88%97%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3"><span class="toc-number">1.0.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">任务队列详解</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%8B%92%E7%BB%9D%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5"><span class="toc-number">1.0.6.</span> <span class="toc-text">拒绝策略</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" 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